introduction

design elements

design principles


typography

technical
matters


figure/ground balance
   rhythm
   dominance &        limitation
emphasis

gestalt
   closure
   continuance
   proximity
   similarity
   alignment

     
 

Proximity
In proximity separate elements are placed together to form relationships and make them appear as if they belong together (Cuenca). The nearness to other elements, whether they are the same or different, creates unity. The individual elements become part of a whole, just like stars in a constellation. Together, because of their proximity, the elements communicate a bigger message. A group of black dots are interpreted as a circle(1), square(2), shapes(3) or even a block of text(4).